A luta por reconhecimento é uma das questões centrais do debate político contemporâneo. Diversos pensadores transformaram esta temática no centro de suas reflexões. No entanto, este debate tem suas origens na obra do pensador Maquiavel. A perspectiva política de Maquiavel, que envolve a questão do reconhecimento, foi fundamental no debate travado entre os pensadores contratualistas como Hobbes, Locke e Rousseau. Assim, como para Maquiavel, o tema da luta por reconhecimento é fundamental para Rousseau. É inegável a influência de Maquiavel sobre (...) os contratualistas, incluindo o pensador genebrino e seu pensamento em torno da luta por reconhecimento. Neste sentido, Rousseau se encontra no conjunto dos leitores de Maquiavel. Desta forma, o texto se debruça sobre o tema da luta pelo reconhecimento na obra de Maquiavel e os reflexos que se desdobram na obra de Rousseau. (shrink)

Pretende-se nesse artigo investigar os chamados Estados Alterados da Consciência (EACs) no horizonte espiritual da antiguidade grega. Considerar-se-á a influência do sonho e do xamanismo sobre as concepções acerca da alma (psyche) e de sua separabilidade em relação ao corpo, acompanhadas das noções de poderes psíquicos incomuns e de um conhecimento sui generis acessível sob determinadas condições. Supõe-se que estas experiências tenham sido de grande importância tanto para a religião quanto para a filosofia na Grécia antiga, dado que seus elementos (...) perpassam doutrinas importantes, desde o orfismo-pitagorismo até o pensamento de Platão. (shrink)

In this paper, we analyze the legal situation regarding physician-assisted suicide in the world. Our hypothesis is that the prohibitive stance on physician-assisted suicide in most societies in the world today seems to be related to our moral attitudes toward suicide. This brings us to a discussion about life itself. We claim that the total lack of legal protection for physician-assisted suicide from international organizations and most countries in the world lies in a philosophical assumption that supports much of our (...) common beliefs about what life really is. This assumption states that life must be thought of as not belonging exclusively to the individual. We argue that this assumption is a misconception that can be heard in the debate on suicide. Consequently we endorse a different conception of life which tends to favor a pro-choice stance towards suicide and assisted death in general. This position takes the patient’s decision about when to die more seriously. We conclude that there is no reason why physician-assisted suicide does not deserve legal protection as an individual right to die under international law. (shrink)

Estudo histórico-crítico sobre a relação entre Direito, Educação e Política, desenvolvido a partir de fontes teóricas do Brasil e de Portugal sobre o tema da Educação em Direitos Humanos. Investiga as origens econômicas, políticas e sociais identitárias dos Estados brasileiro e português, a partir da intrínseca relação existente entre o processo de colonização e a contraditória transformação das sociedades nos respectivos períodos de redemocratização, alcançados no final do século XX. Apresenta a luta pelos Direitos Humanos, no Brasil e em Portugal, (...) através de mediações institucionais e acadêmicas. Destaca a pesquisa em Direitos Humanos como promissora prática social nos dois países. (shrink)

This research investigated the metacognitive underpinnings of moral judgment. Participants in two studies were asked to provide quick intuitive responses to moral dilemmas and to indicate their fee...

This paper aims to explore the association between over-indebtedness and two facets of well-being – life satisfaction and emotional well-being. Although prior research has associated over-indebtedness with lower life satisfaction, this study contributes to the extant literature by revealing its effects on emotional well-being, which is a crucial component of well-being that has received less attention. Besides subjective well-being, reported health, and sleep quality were also assessed. The findings suggest that over-indebted consumers have lower life satisfaction and emotional well-being, as (...) well as poorer health and sleep quality. Furthermore, over-indebtedness impacts life satisfaction and emotional well-being through different mechanisms. Consumers decreased perceived control accounts for the impact of over-indebtedness on both facets of well-being. Financial well-being, partly mediates the impact of indebtedness status on overall life satisfaction. The current study contributes to research focusing on the relationship between indebtedness, well-being, health, and sleep quality, and provides relevant theoretical and practical implications. (shrink)

Este ensaio defende que o pensamento pós-analítico e pós-filosófico de Richard Rorty pode assumir uma função – de caráter profilático – muito interessante no âmbito dos estudos literários acadêmicos e na crítica literária em geral: suas reflexões críticas funcionam como uma advertência contra certas pretensões cientificistas da filosofia e, por consequência, das teorias literárias em geral. Os variados usos e objetivos da linguagemhumana em atos interpretativos – como na crítica literária – extrapolam a noção moderna de verdade como correspondência; o (...) objetivo da crítica não é, pois, "a verdade", mas simplesmente continuar e enriquecer a grande e interminável conversação que é a cultura humana. A crítica só pode dizer “verdades” se entendermos essa palavra numa acepção humanístico-pragmática e não, como faz a filosofia racionalista tradicional, entendendo a verdade como certeza e como correspondência. Para o neopragmatista, devemos abandonar de uma vez por todas a busca por uma teoria geral da representação ou por uma teoria geral da linguagem; da mesma forma, transladando essa concepção ao âmbito literário, também deveríamos desobrigar-nos das sucessivas tentativas de criar uma teoria geral exclusivista da interpretação e da crítica literárias, ou da busca de uma metodologia monista e definitiva: a crítica é uma atividade plural e que atende a diversas demandas e objetivos. (shrink)

Trata-se, no presente artigo, de analisar as mudanças que historicamente tem ocorrido no EU e as rupturas na apreensâo da realidade. As atuais transformaçoes da realidade teriam levado a um asvaziamento do ser? Ou ainda, a realidade nâo teria mais nada a ver com o sujeito? Como apreender essas transformaçoes? Esta investigaçâo faz-se valer da leitura de Gramsci, por meio da qual a unidade entre se e o pensar aparece como uma possibilidade de superaçao da metafísica do sujeito à elaboraçâo (...) de uma ontología concreta. (shrink)

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic associated with severe health and psychological wellbeing impairments expressed by an increased prevalence of affective disorders. Emotional dysfunction is important due to its effect on social performance. The aim of the present narrative review is to provide a general overview of human research exploring emotional information processing in overweight and obese people. Evidence suggests that obesity is associated with an attenuation of emotional experience, contradictory findings about emotion recognition, and scarce research about automatic emotional information (...) processing. Finally, we made some concluding considerations for future research on emotional information processing in overweight and obese people. (shrink)

This paper addresses whether overindebted and non-overindebted consumers differ in their attitude toward money (specifically, the degree to which consumers care about money and feel difficulties keeping track of their money) and how this attitude impacts three different financial behavior categories: record keeping (e.g., recording spending in writing), adjusting balance (e.g., trying to find ways to decrease one’s expenses to match income), and monitoring balance (e.g., monitoring one’s spending to see if it is in line with what is expected). Overindebted (...) consumers were recruited via an NGO for consumer defense and were categorized (whenever possible) into two subgroups: consumers who became overindebted due to internal causes (e.g., bad financial management) and consumers who became overindebted due to external causes (e.g., unemployment). Non-overindebted consumers were a convenience sample. Non-overindebted consumers showed more positive attitudes toward money than both groups of overindebted consumers and overindebted due to external causes showed more positive attitudes than overindebted consumers due to internal causes. All groups share similar financial management behaviors except for monitoring balance, which was more frequent among non-overindebted consumers. Furthermore, a regression analysis indicates that money attitudes helped explain financial behavior differences between consumers above and beyond their indebtedness status. Consumers’ attitude predicted financial behaviors, even when controlling for relevant socioeconomic variables (education, income, age, and gender). Further analyses comparing money attitudes and financial behavior for the three subgroups (non-overindebted, overindebted due to internal causes, and overindebted due to external causes) showed no differences. (shrink)

This study aimed to determine the predictive character of organizational socialization and occupational positive mental health on organizational commitment in higher education teachers. A sample of 279 teachers from higher education institutions who signed an informed consent form was used. Fifty-four point five percent of the participants were women, with a mean age of 44.05 years. The participants completed the Organizational Socialization Inventory, the Positive Occupational Mental Health Questionnaire and the Organizational Commitment Scale, and for data analysis descriptive statistics, correlation (...) analysis and multiple linear regression with stepwise method were applied, entering each dimension of organizational commitment separately as a dependent variable. As a result, moderate to weak correlations were identified between the study variables, and it was found that the final models indicate that the future perspectives and socio-affective dimensions predict affective commitment by 38%; that future perspectives, spirituality and age predict normative commitment by 22.8%; and that the future perspectives dimension predicts commitment of continuity by 9.2%. It is concluded that teachers’ expectations about their development in the institution, as well as their interactions at the socio-affective and spiritual level with the work context, are factors that partially influence their attachment to the educational organization. (shrink)

A resenha expõe o trabalho do autor - Valdinei Aparecido Ferreira, o qual faz a conceituação de Protestantismo e Modernidades nos principais expoentes da sociologia clássica e contemporânea. Aplicando estes conceitos para o século XX na América Latina e, principalmente no Brasil, trabalhando com a implantação do protestantismo no Brasil e sua influência.

A entrevista concedida por Emmanuel de Saint Aubert a Silvana de Souza Ramos e a Iracy Ferreira dos Santos Junior aborda a história e o papel dos Arquivos Husserl de Paris para o fomento da pesquisa multidisciplinar em fenomenologia. O pensador esclarece qual foi o contato de Merleau-Ponty com os manuscritos de Husserl, e que tipo de leitura, situada e complicada, ele realizou não apenas desses manuscritos, mas da obra de Husserl como um todo. Esse aspecto é particularmente importante (...) para os estudos de filosofia francesa contemporânea porque Merleau-Ponty foi um dos grandes responsáveis pela introdução de Husserl no pensamento francês. Tal esclarecimento permite mostrar a originalidade da filosofia de Merleau-Ponty, pois revela que o autor não era um exegeta de Husserl, mas um pesquisador inquieto e multifacetado, engajado nos debates intelectuais e políticos de sua época. Se ele não pode ser reduzido à figura de um mero leitor de Husserl, tampouco sua ontologia tardia pode ser resumida à influência de Heidegger. Debruçado sobre os manuscritos deixados inacabados por Merleau-Ponty em função de sua morte prematura, os quais eram um esboço de um novo livro, Saint Aubert realizou um minucioso trabalho de pesquisa dos usos que Merleau-Ponty faz de termos centrais de sua ontologia – chair, Leib, empiétement, quiasma – mostrando que eles não traduzem ou expressam literalmente conceitos provenientes de Husserl ou de Heidegger, pelo contrário, esses termos ganham uma gama de sentido multifacetada nos escritos de Merleau-Ponty, alimentando-se de suas leituras e meditações filosóficas, mas também de sua cultura científica e literária, e de suas preocupações éticas e políticas. A pesquisa de Saint Aubert, dedicada à interpretação dos chamados “inéditos” de Merleau-Ponty, resultou na publicação de cinco livros, pelas edições Vrin, todos eles guiados por uma leitura genética transversal da obra merleau-pontiana. Além disso, Saint Aubert, com a ajuda de outros pesquisadores e pesquisadoras, publicou, com apurado cuidado editorial, vários volumes com os manuscritos de Merleau-Ponty. Esse material, disponível de modo organizado e situado, é de uma riqueza incomparável, e permite dimensionar de modo mais preciso o papel de Merleau-Ponty no pensamento contemporâneo, além de iluminar o sentido de seu projeto ontológico. (shrink)

ABSTRACT:Business ethics research has long been interested in understanding the conditions under which ethical consumption is consistent versus context-dependent. Extant research suggests that many consumers fail to make consistent ethical consumption decisions and tend to engage in ethical decisions associated with ingroup identity cues. To fill this gap, four experiments examine how construal levels moderate the influence of ingroup versus outgroup identity cues in ethical consumption. The studies support the contention that when consumers use concrete construal to process information, they (...) will focus on ingroup cues and make ethical consumption decisions that are aligned with ingroup biases. However, when consumers use abstract construal, they will act more consistently with their inner goals rather than focusing on ingroup and outgroup cues. Social goodwill, which indicates desires to give back to society, is identified as mediating the effects. The findings have important implications for ethical consumption and social influence literature. (shrink)

Nowadays, football goalkeepers play an important role in the team's organization, namely, considering the offensive and defensive processes. The purpose of our investigation focuses on the notational and T-pattern analysis of the offensive and defensive actions of elite young football GKs. The participating GKs presented 8 years of experience in the specific position, were internationally selected for the national team of Portugal, and competed in the national U-17 championship of Portugal. Thirty football matches were observed. The observational sample consisted of (...) defensive actions and offensive actions. Two observational instruments were used to codify the actions: the observation system of defensive technical-tactical actions of GKs and the observation system of offensive technical-tactical actions of GKs. Both instruments underwent a validation process, and inter- and intra-observer reliability was tested. The codification of the actions was performed with the LINCE program, and later the data were exported to Microsoft Excel and THEME 5.0. The notational data were analyzed in SPSS, and T-pattern detection analysis was performed in THEME 5.0. The predominant actions of young observed GKs were fundamentally goal defense and participation in the team's offensive process construction through actions performed with the foot and hand. The analysis of T-patterns allowed to identify T-pattern actions in the defensive actions of goal defense and exit of the goal, as well as related to the defensive set pieces. In the offensive process, the analysis of T-patterns reinforced the participation of the GK in the team's first phase of construction and in the execution of goal kicks and actions that start as a result of the actions of the opponent. The GK's defensive actions are mostly focused on the objective of goal defense and offensive actions with the hands and feet are important for their participation in positional attack construction. Our study contributes to a better knowledge of the GK's actions in the competition and is relevant to be considered by the specific position coaches in the training process organization. (shrink)

IntroductionRheumatologists are the primary healthcare professionals responsible for patients with rheumatic diseases and should acquire medical ethical competencies, such as the informed consent process (ICP). The objective clinical structured examination is a valuable tool for assessing clinical competencies. We report the performance of 90 rheumatologist trainees participating in a station designed to evaluate the ICP during the 2018 and 2019 national accreditations.MethodsThe station was validated and represented a medical encounter in which the rheumatologist informed a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (...) with clinically active nephritis about renal biopsy. A trained patient–actor and an evaluator were instructed to assess ICP skills (with a focus on kidney biopsy benefits, how the biopsy is done and potential complications) in obtaining formal informed consent, delivering bad news and overall communication with patients. The evaluator used a tailored checklist and form.ResultsCandidate performance varied with ICP content and was superior for potential benefit information (achieved by 98.9% of the candidates) but significantly reduced for potential complications (37.8%) and biopsy description (42.2%). Only 17.8% of the candidates mentioned the legal perspective of ICP. Death (as a potential complication) was omitted by the majority of the candidates (93.3%); after the patient–actor challenged candidates, only 57.1% of them gave a clear and positive answer. Evaluators frequently rated candidate communications skills as superior (≥80%), but ≥1 negative aspect was identified in 69% of the candidates.ConclusionsEthical competencies are mandatory for professional rheumatologists. It seems necessary to include an ethics competency framework in the curriculum throughout the rheumatology residency. (shrink)

The present paper explores the role of motivation to observe a certain outcome in people’s predictions, causal attributions, and beliefs about a streak of binary outcomes. In two studies we found that positive streaks lead participants to predict the streak’s continuation, but negative streaks lead to predictions of its end. More importantly, these wishful predictions are supported by strategic attributions and beliefs about how and why a streak might unfold. Results suggest that the effect of motivation on predictions is mediated (...) by a serial path via causal attributions to the teams at play and belief in the hot hand. (shrink)

O artigo pretende analisar e sugerir uma saída para o paradoxo democrático, o dilema moral constitutivo entre a soberania nacional do Estado democrático liberal e o reconhecimento dos direitos humanos dos estrangeiros, apontado por Donatella Di Cesare. Para isso, serão reconstruídos o referido paradoxo, a partir das críticas da autora a Michael Walzer e David Miller, e a solução apontada por ela, que envolve a superação da ordem estadocêntrica e a criação de uma comunidade política que não seja centrada na (...) identidade nacional. Em seguida, serão sucessivamente analisadas as posições de tais autores, mostrando-se que as críticas feitas por Di Cesare não correspondem aos trabalhos desenvolvidos por eles sobre comunidade política e identidade nacional. Por fim, será sugerido que há congruências entre esses três autores que poderiam ajudar na construção conceitual de um conceito de comunidade política capaz de oferecer uma direção inicial de saída do paradoxo democrático. (shrink)

By reconstructing the eighteenth-century movement of the Italian Enlightenment, I show that Italy’s political fragmentation notwithstanding, there was a constant circulation of ideas, whether on philosophical, ethical, political, religious, social, economic or scientific questions—among different groups in various states. This exchange was made possible by the shared language of its leading illuministi— Cesare Beccaria, Ludovico Antonio Muratori, Francesco Maria Zanotti, Antonio Genovesi, Mario Pagano, Pietro Verri, Marco Antonio Vogli, and Giammaria Ortes—and resulted in four common traits. First, the absence of (...) a radical trend, such as the French materialist-atheist trend and British Deism, or religious reformation. Second, the rejection of inhumane laws and institutions, capital punishment, torture, war and slavery. Third, the idea of public happiness as the goal of good government and legislation. And fourth, the conception of the economy as a constellation where social capital, consisting of education, morality, and civility, plays a decisive role. I conclude that the Italian Enlightenment, not unlike the Scottish Enlightenment, was both cosmopolitan and local, which allowed its leading writers to develop a keen awareness of the complexity of society alongside a degree of prudence regarding the possibility and desirability of its modernization. (shrink)

A CONTRIBUIÇÃO DAS MÍDIAS SOCIAIS PARA O RECONHECIMENTO DAS UNIÕES ESTÁVEIS NO BRASIL.

Building on the framework of learned helplessness, and applying a behavioural perspective, Boddez et al. theorise that consecutive failures in various life domains might be generalised and cause a general sense of helplessness, which leads to, and can be conceptualised as, human suffering. We argue that this perspective fails to address the complexities of human suffering and the motivational sources of feelings of helplessness. We provide an existential-social psychological perspective on helplessness, highlighting the need for psychological protection and the mechanisms (...) by which it is achieved. We draw upon attachment, terror management, and motivated helplessness theories in order to demonstrate the anxiety-buffering function of goal attainment in major life domains (e.g. self-esteem and close relationships) and its influence on helplessness and suffering. (shrink)

Segundo o conceito de tímese parabólica formulado pelo filósofo brasileiro Mário Ferreira dos Santos, quando um ser humano responde com uma intensidade maior que a dos estímulos recebidos, ele compara sua situação atual com aquela que é capaz de alcançar. A comparação com uma perfeição virtual mostra ao homem algo melhor a ser feito e o estimula a buscar a melhoria de algo ou situação, ou mesmo de si mesmo e de outra pessoa. Quanto ao próprio ser humano, (...) a filosofia indica uma perfeição correspondente à natureza humana, que não se restringe ao exercício de papéis sociais ou tarefas específicas, mas ao cumprimento das potencialidades inerentes à dignidade humana. Ao contrário dos bens externos, cuja disponibilidade é limitada e cuja posse é rival, os bens internos são moldados por cada indivíduo de uma forma que beneficia toda a comunidade. As virtudes pessoais cultivadas pelo indivíduo têm uma repercussão social positiva. Temos o tempo parabólico intersubjetivo quando um percebe o potencial de outrem e estimula o outro a se desenvolver. Isto ocorre principalmente em relação a alguém que se ama ou cujo bem se deseja. Neste artigo, quero defender a afirmação de que a tendência à perfeição teleológica é uma qualidade inerente ao ser humano, que é melhor compreendida através da conjugação da corporeidade e da intersubjetividade: a disposição corpórea é naturalmente adequada ao processo de idealização e busca da perfeição humana específica, que necessariamente ocorre através do intercâmbio sincrônico com o aperfeiçoamento do outro. (shrink)

Logic and Knowledge -/- Editor: Carlo Cellucci, Emily Grosholz and Emiliano Ippoliti Date Of Publication: Aug 2011 Isbn13: 978-1-4438-3008-9 Isbn: 1-4438-3008-9 -/- The problematic relation between logic and knowledge has given rise to some of the most important works in the history of philosophy, from Books VI–VII of Plato’s Republic and Aristotle’s Prior and Posterior Analytics, to Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and Mill’s A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive. It provides the title of an important collection of papers (...) by Bertrand Russell (Logic and Knowledge. Essays, 1901–1950). However, it has remained an underdeveloped theme in the last century, because logic has been treated as separate from knowledge. -/- This book does not hope to make up for a century-long absence of discussion. Rather, its ambition is to call attention to the theme and stimulating renewed reflection upon it. The book collects essays of leading figures in the field and it addresses the theme as a topic of current debate, or as a historical case study, or when appropriate as both. Each essay is followed by the comments of a younger discussant, in an attempt to transform what might otherwise appear as a monologue into an ongoing dialogue; each section begins with an historical essay and ends with an essay by one of the editors. -/- Carlo Cellucci is Emeritus Professor of Philosophy at the University of Rome ‘La Sapienza,’ Italy. He is currently completing a book entitled, Remaking Logic: What is Logic Really? -/- Emily Grosholz is Professor of Philosophy at the Pennsylvania State University, USA. She is the author of Representation and Productive Ambiguity in Mathematics and the Sciences (Oxford University Press, 2007). -/- Emiliano Ippoliti is a Research Fellow at the University of Rome ‘La Sapienza,’ Italy. His main interests are heuristics, the logic of discovery, and problem-solving. He is currently working on a book, Ampliating Knowledge: Data, Hypotheses and Novelty. -/- TABLE OF CONTENTS -/- Foreword .................................................................................................... ix Acknowledgements ................................................................................. xxv -/- Section I: Logic and Knowledge -/- Chapter One................................................................................................. 3 The Cognitive Importance of Sight and Hearing in Seventeenthand Eighteenth-Century Logic (Mirella Capozzi) Discussion .............................................................................................. 26 (Chiara Fabbrizi) Chapter Two .............................................................................................. 33 Nominalistic Content (Jody Azzouni) Discussion ............................................................................................... 52 (Silvia De Bianchi) Chapter Three ............................................................................................ 57 A Garden of Grounding Trees (Göran Sundholm) Discussion.......................................................................................... .. 75 (Luca Incurvati) Chapter Four .............................................................................................. 81 Logics and Metalogics (Timothy Williamson) Discussion.......................................................................................... 101 (Cesare Cozzo) Chapter Five ............................................................................................ 109 Is Knowledge the Most General Factive Stative Attitude? (Cesare Cozzo) Discussion.......................................................................................... 117 (Timothy Williamson) Chapter Six .............................................................................................. 123 Classifying and Justifying Inference Rules (Carlo Cellucci) Discussion.......................................................................................... 143 (Norma B. Goethe) -/- Section II: Logic and Science -/- Chapter Seven.......................................................................................... 151 The Universal Generalization Problem and the Epistemic Status of Ancient Medicine: Aristotle and Galen (Riccardo Chiaradonna) Discussion.......................................................................................... 168 (Diana Quarantotto) Chapter Eight........................................................................................... 175 The Empiricist View of Logic (Donald Gillies) Discussion.......................................................................................... 191 (Paolo Pecere) Chapter Nine............................................................................................ 197 Artificial Intelligence and Evolutionary Theory: Herbert Simon’s Unifying Framework (Roberto Cordeschi) Discussion.......................................................................................... 216 (Francesca Ervas) Chapter Ten ............................................................................................. 221 Evolutionary Psychology and Morality: The Renaissance of Emotivism? (Mario De Caro) Discussion.......................................................................................... 232 (Annalisa Paese) Chapter Eleven ........................................................................................ 237 Between Data and Hypotheses (Emiliano Ippoliti) Discussion.......................................................................................... 262 (Fabio Sterpetti) -/- Section III: Logic and Mathematics -/- Chapter Twelve ....................................................................................... 273 Dedekind Against Intuition: Rigor, Scope and the Motives of his Logicism (Michael Detlefsen) Discussion.......................................................................................... 290 (Marianna Antonutti) Chapter Thirteen...................................................................................... 297 Mathematical Intuition: Poincaré, Polya, Dewey (Reuben Hersh) Discussion.......................................................................................... 324 (Claudio Bernardi) Chapter Fourteen ..................................................................................... 329 On the Finite: Kant and the Paradoxes of Knowledge (Carl Posy) Discussion.......................................................................................... 358 (Silvia Di Paolo) Chapter Fifteen ........................................................................................ 363 Assimilation: Not Only Indiscernibles are Identified (Robert Thomas) Discussion.......................................................................................... 380 (Diego De Simone) Chapter Sixteen ....................................................................................... 385 Proofs and Perfect Syllogisms (Dag Prawitz) Discussion.......................................................................................... 403 (Julien Murzi) Chapter Seventeen ................................................................................... 411 Logic, Mathematics, Heterogeneity (Emily Grosholz) Discussion.......................................................................................... 427 (Valeria Giardino) -/- Contributors........................................................................................ ..... 433 Index............................................................................................... ......... 437 -/- Price Uk Gbp: 49.99 Price Us Usd: 74.99. 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This paper suggests a possible answer to the question: how can the local context as well as the long-term goals of a project be fully taken into account when the overall technology for a project is selected?

A country must develop skills for managing the financial resources that are needed to support scientific and technological activities. With proper financial support and policy guidance, these activities can increase the stock of accumulated human resources and means that contribute to income and the satisfaction of needs.

In the fluid cultural context of today, where the significance of sexual difference is continually diminished, if not completely denied , the encounter with the phenomenology of E. Stein and E. Levinas can be both stimulating and fruitful. Even though they have speculative perspectives that are very different and do not always reach the same conclusions, both authors agree that sexual difference and paternity and maternity connected with it, is not exclusively biological but also anthropological and philosophical. This significant convergence (...) certainly has its origin in a common phenomenological inspiration, which continues to bear fruit, as witnessed by the recent work of J.-L. Marion and of a writer of a clearly feminist inspiration, such as F. Giardini. (shrink)